Big Star



Big Star was an American rock band formed in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1971 by Alex Chilton, Chris Bell, Jody Stephens, and Andy Hummel. The group broke up in 1974, but reorganized with a new line-up nearly 20 years later. In its first era, the band's musical style drew on the vocal harmonies of The Beatles, as well as the swaggering rhythms of The Rolling Stones and the jangling guitars of The Byrds. To the resulting power pop, Big Star added dark, existential themes, and produced a style that foreshadowed the alternative rock of the 1980s and 1990s. Before it broke up, Big Star created a "seminal body of work that never stopped inspiring succeeding generations" in the words of Rolling Stone,[1]  as the "quintessential American power pop band" and "one of the most mythic and influential cult acts in all of rock & roll".[2]

Big Star's first album—1972's #1 Record—was met by enthusiastic reviews, but ineffective marketing by Stax Records and limited distribution stunted its commercial success. Frustration took its toll on band relations, and by the time a second album was completed in 1974 both Bell and Hummel had left the group. Like #1 Record, Radio City received excellent reviews, but label issues again thwarted sales—Columbia Records, which had assumed control of the Stax catalog, likewise effectively vetoed its distribution. After a third album was deemed non-commercially viable and shelved before receiving a title, the band broke up late in 1974. Four years later, the first two Big Star LPs were released together as a double album. The band's third album was finally issued soon afterward; entitled Third/Sister Lovers, it found limited commercial success. Shortly thereafter, Chris Bell was killed in a car accident at the age of 27.

The Big Star discography drew renewed attention in the 1980s when R.E.M. and other popular bands cited the group as an influence. In 1992, interest was further stimulated byRykodisc's reissues of the band's albums, complemented by a collection of Bell's solo work.[3]  In 1993, Chilton and Stephens reformed Big Star with recruits Jon Auer and Ken Stringfellow of The Posies, and gave a concert at the University of Missouri.[4]  The band remained active, performing tours in Europe and Japan,[5]  and released a new studio album, In Space, in 2005. Chilton died on March 17, 2010, after being admitted to a New Orleans hospital with heart problems.[6]  Hummel, who was diagnosed with cancer in 2008, died on July 19, 2010.[7]  These deaths left Stephens as the sole surviving founding member.



Contents
[hide]  *1 First era: 1971 to 1974  ==First era: 1971 to 1974[edit] == ===Formation of the band[edit] === Alex Chilton was the lead singer for the blue-eyed soul group The Box Tops from 1967 to 1970 when the band had a No. 1 hit with the song "The Letter". At the age of sixteen, Alex Chilton recorded a solo studio album.[8]  He was offered the role of lead vocalist for Blood, Sweat & Tears, but turned the offer down as "too commercial".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp76-89_8-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8]  Chilton had known Chris Bell for some time: both lived in Memphis, each had spent time recording music at Ardent Studios,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[9]  and each, when aged 13, had been struck by the music of The Beatles during the band's 1964 debut US tour.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[10]  A song Chilton wrote nearly six years after he first witnessed a Beatles performance, "Thirteen", referred to the event with the line "Rock 'n' roll is here to stay".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Jovanovic_2004_92_11-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[11]  Chilton asked Bell to work with him as a duo modeled on Simon & Garfunkel; Bell declined, but invited Chilton to a performance by his own band, Icewater,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp76-89_8-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8]  comprising Bell, drummer Jody Stephens, and bassist Andy Hummel. Attracted by Icewater's music, Chilton showed the three his new song "Watch the Sunrise", and was asked to join the band.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp76-89_8-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8]  Both "Watch the Sunrise" and "Thirteen" were subsequently included on Big Star's first album, #1 Record. The now four-piece band adopted the name Big Star when one member was given the idea from a grocery store often visited for snacks during recording sessions.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Jovanovic_2004_94-101_12-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[12]  One of many Big Star Marketsoutlets in the Memphis region at the time, it had a logo consisting of a five-pointed star enclosing the words "Big Star"; as well as the store's name, the band used its logo but without the word "Star" to avoid infringing copyright.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Jovanovic_2004_94-101_12-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[12] ===#1 Record<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] === <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Although all four members contributed to songwriting and vocals on the first album, Chilton and Bell dominated as a duo intentionally modeled on John Lennon and Paul McCartney.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp99-100_13-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[13] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-All_Music_Guide_to_Rock_p98_14-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[14]  The album was recorded by Ardent founder John Fry, with Terry Manning contributing occasional backing vocals and keyboards. The title #1 Record was decided towards the end of the recording sessions and evinced, albeit as a playful hope rather than a serious expectation, the chart position to be achieved by a big star.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp99-100_13-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[13]  Although Fry—at the band's insistence—was credited as "executive producer", publicly he insisted that "the band themselves really produced these records".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp99-100_13-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[13]  Fry recalled how Ardent, one of the first recording studios to use a sixteen-track tape machine, worked experimentally with the band members: "We started recording the songs with the intent that if it turned out OK we'd put it out [...] I wound up being the one that primarily worked on it: I recorded all the tracks and then they would often come late at night and do overdubs. One by one, they all learned enough engineering."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp76-89_8-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[8] <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Describing the mix of musical styles present on #1 Record, Rolling Stone's Bud Scoppa notes that the album includes "reflective and acoustic" numbers, saying that "even the prettiest tunes have tension and subtle energy to them, and the rockers reverberate with power". Scoppa finds that in each mode, "the guitar sound is sharp-edged and full".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-RSalbumreview_firstandsecond_15-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[15] #1 Record was released in April 1972, and quickly received strong reviews. Billboard went as far as to say, "Every cut could be a single". Rolling Stone judged the album "exceptionally good", while Cashbox stated, "This album is one of those red-letter days when everything falls together as a total sound", and called it "an important record that should go to the top with proper handling".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[16]  Proper handling, however, was not forthcoming: Stax Records proved unable to either promote or distribute the record with any degree of success, and even when the band's own efforts to get airplay generated interest, fans were unable to buy it as Stax could not make it available in many stores.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[17]  Stax, in an effort to improve its catalog's availability, signed a deal with Columbia Records, already successful distributors in the US, making Columbia responsible for the entire Stax catalog. But Columbia had no interest in dealing with the independent distributors previously used by Stax and removed even the existing copies of #1 Record from the stores.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[18] ===Radio City<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] === <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">The frustration at #1 Record's obstructed sales contributed to tension within the band. There was physical fighting between members:<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp114-18_19-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[19]  Bell, after being punched in the face by Hummel, retaliated by smashing Hummel's new bass guitar to pieces against the wall.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp114-18_19-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[19]  Hummel took revenge at a later date: finding Bell's acoustic guitar in the latter's unattended car, he repeatedly punched it with a screwdriver.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp114-18_19-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[19]  In November 1972, Bell quit the band. When work continued on songs for a second album, Bell rejoined, but further conflict soon erupted. A master tape of the new songs inexplicably went missing, and Bell, whose heavy drug intake was affecting his judgment, attacked Fry's parked car.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp114-18_19-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[19]  In late 1972, struggling with severe depression, Bell quit the band once more,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp114-18_19-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[19]  and by the end of the year Big Star disbanded.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp114-18_19-5" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[19] <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">After a few months Chilton, Stephens and Hummel decided to reform Big Star, and the three resumed work on the second album.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp126-30_20-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[20]  The title chosen, Radio City, continued the play on the theme of a big star's popularity and success, expressing what biographer Robert Gordon calls the band's "romantic expectation".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gordon_p234_21-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[21]  As Hummel put it, <p style="line-height:1.5em;">This was probably pretty lame, but in those days putting any word in front of the noun "city" to sort of emphasize the totality and pervasiveness of it was just a way of talking people had. If someone suggested going to a store but you had gotten a bad deal there you might say, "Oh no, that place is 'rip off city'." Calling an LP Radio Citywould be kind of wishful thinking. I mean we hoped it would be played on the radio a lot, making it "radio city". Of course it didn't pan out that way...<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[22] <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Stephens recalled: "Radio City, for me, was just an amazing record. Being a three-piece really opened things up for me in terms of playing drums. Drums take on a different role in a three-piece band, so it was a lot of fun. [...] Radio City was really more spontaneous, and the performances were pretty close to live performances."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp126-30_20-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[20]
 * 1.1 Formation of the band
 * 1.2 #1 Record
 * 1.3 Radio City
 * 1.4 Third/Sister Lovers
 * 2 Second era: 1993 to 2011
 * 3 Musical style and influences
 * 4 Legacy and influence
 * 5 Personnel
 * 6 Discography
 * 7 Notes
 * 8 References
 * 9 External links

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Although uncredited, Bell contributed to the writing of some of the album's songs, including "O My Soul" and "Back of a Car".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp126-30_20-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[20]  Shortly before the album's release, Hummel left the band: judging that it would not last, and in his final year at college, he elected to concentrate on his studies and live a more normal life.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[23]  He was replaced by John Lightman for a short tenure prior to the band dissolving.

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Rolling Stone's Ken Barnes, describing the musical style of Radio City, opens by noting as a backdrop that the band's debut, #1 Record, established it as "one of the leading new American bands working in the mid-Sixties pop and rock vein". Radio City, Barnes finds, has "plenty of shimmering pop delights", although "the opening tune, 'O My Soul,' is a foreboding, sprawling funk affair"; Barnes concludes that "Sometimes they sound like the Byrds, sometimes like the early Who, but usually like their own indescribable selves".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-RSalbumreview_firstandsecond_15-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[15]  Radio City was released in February 1974 and, like #1 Record, received excellent reviews. Record World reported, "The sound is stimulating, the musicianship superb, and the result is tight and rollickingly rhythmic."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-secondfailure_24-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[24]  Billboard judged it "a highly commercial set".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-secondfailure_24-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[24]  Rolling Stone's Bud Scoppa, then with Phonograph Record, affirmed, "Alex Chilton has now emerged as a major talent, and he'll be heard from again".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-secondfailure_24-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[24]  Cashbox called it "a collection of excellent material that hopefully will break this deserving band in a big way".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-secondfailure_24-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[24]  But just as #1 Record had fallen victim to poor marketing, so too did Radio City. Columbia, now in complete control of the Stax catalog, refused to process it following a disagreement. Without a distributor, sales of Radio City, though far greater than those of #1 Record, were minimal at only around 20,000 copies.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-secondfailure_24-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[24] ===Third/Sister Lovers<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] === <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">In September 1974, eight months after the release of Radio City, the two remaining members of Big Star returned to Ardent Studios to work on a third album.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-thirdstart_25-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[25]  Chilton and Stephens were assisted by producer Jim Dickinson and an assortment of musicians including drummer Richard Rosebrough,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-thirdstart_25-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[25]  and Lesa Aldridge, Chilton's girlfriend, who contributed on vocals.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-thirdstart_25-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[25]  The sessions and mixing were completed in early 1975,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[26]  and 250 copies of the album were pressed with plain labels for promotional use.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp161-65_27-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[27]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Parke Putterbaugh of Rolling Stone described Third/Sister Lovers as "extraordinary". It is, he wrote, "Chilton's untidy masterpiece. [...] beautiful and disturbing"; "vehemently original"; of "haunting brilliance": <p style="line-height:1.5em;">To listen to it is to be "plunged into a maelstrom of conflicting emotions. Songs are drenched in strings and sweet sentiment one minute, starkly played and downcast the next. No pop song has ever bottomed out more than "Holocaust", an anguished plaint sung at a snail's pace over discordant slide-guitar fragments and moaning cello [...] On the up side, there's the delicious pop minuet "Stroke It Noel," the anticipatory magic of "Nightime" ("Caught a glance in your eyes and fell through the skies," Chilton rhapsodizes) [...] Big Star's baroque, guitar-driven pop reaches its apotheosis on songs like "Kizza Me," "Thank You Friends" and "O, Dana". [...] Without question, Third is one of the most idiosyncratic, deeply felt and fully realized albums in the pop idiom.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[28] <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Fry and Dickinson flew to New York with promotional copies and met employees of a number of record labels, but could not generate interest in the album.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp161-65_27-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[27]  When a similar promotion attempt failed in California, the album was shelved as it was considered not commercial enough for release.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp161-65_27-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[27]  Fry recalled, "We'd go in and play it and these guys would look at us like we were crazy".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp161-65_27-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[27]  In late 1974, before the album was even named, the band broke up, bringing Big Star's first era to its end.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp161-65_27-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[27]  Dickinson later said that he was "nailed for indulging Alex on Big Star Third, but I think it is important that the artist is enabled to perform with integrity. What I did for Alex was literally remove the yoke of oppressive production that he had been under since the first time he ever uttered a word into a microphone, for good or ill.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-29" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[29]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Since quitting the band in 1972, Bell had spent time in several different countries trying to develop his solo career.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp161-65_27-5" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[27]  In 1978, after his return to Memphis, the first two Big Star albums were released together in the UK as a double album, drawing enthusiastic reviews and interest from fans.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-78releases_30-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[30]  Soon afterwards Big Star's recognition grew further when, four years after its completion, the third album too was released in both the US and the UK.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-78releases_30-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[30]  By now, the hitherto untitled Third/Sister Lovers had become known by several unofficial names including Third (reflecting its position in the discography), Beale Street Green (acknowledging the legendary site nearby, once a focal point for Memphis blues musicians) and Sister Lovers (because during the album's recording sessions, Chilton and Stephens were dating sisters Lesa and Holliday Aldridge).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gordon_p234_21-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[21] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-31" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[31]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Not long after the release of Third/Sister Lovers, Bell died in a car accident.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-belldeath_32-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[32]  He apparently lost control of his car while driving alone and was killed when he struck a lamp post after hitting the curb a hundred feet before.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-belldeath_32-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[32]  A blood test found that he was not drunk at the time, and no drugs were found on him other than a bottle of vitamins.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-belldeath_32-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[32]  Bell is believed to have either fallen asleep at the wheel or become distracted.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-belldeath_32-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[32] ==Second era: 1993 to 2011<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Big Star returned in 1993 with a new line-up when guitarist Jon Auer and bassist Ken Stringfellow joined Chilton and Stephens. Auer and Stringfellow remain members of The Posies, founded by the pair in 1986. Stringfellow is also known for his work with R.E.M. and The Minus 5. Hummel elected not to participate.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-33" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[33]  First-era material dominates Big Star's performances, with the occasional addition of a song from the 2005 album In Space; Stringfellow recalled that during the 1990s, "We were working out the set list and we went to this little cafe. Little did I know we'd be playing that set for the next ten years".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp253-60_5-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[5]  The resurrected band made its debut at the 1993 University of Missouri spring music festival.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-columbia_4-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[4]  A recording of the performance was issued on CD by Zoo Records as Columbia: Live at Missouri University.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp253-60_5-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[5]  The concert was followed by tours of Europe and Japan,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp253-60_5-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[5]  as well as an appearance on The Tonight Show.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-bigstarbio_1-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1]

Alex Chilton in 2009 during a Big Star performance at Hyde Park<p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">In Space was released on September 27, 2005 on the Rykodisc label. Recorded during 2004, the album consists of new material mostly co-written by Chilton, Stephens, Auer and Stringfellow. Reviewing In Space, Rolling Stone's David Fricke first points out the context for its release: "a world expecting that American Beatles ideal all over again" from a band that "achieved its power-pop perfection when no one else was looking".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-fricke_34-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[34]  In Fricke's estimation, the seemingly unrealistic expectation is in part met: "It's here—in the jangly longing and ice-wall harmonies of 'Lady Sweet'"; Fricke finds though that such songs are interleaved with "the eccentric R&B and demo-quality glam rock that have made Chilton's solo records a mixed blessing", and that "'A Whole New Thing' starts out like old T.Rex, then goes nowhere special".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-fricke_34-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[34]  Warming nevertheless to "the rough sunshine" of "Best Chance", Fricke says in conclusion: "In Space is no #1 Record, but at its brightest, it is Big Star in every way".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-fricke_34-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[34]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">The band appeared at San Francisco's Fillmore Auditorium on October 20, 2007. San Francisco-based band Oranger, performed as opening act.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-35" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[35]  Big Star performed at the 2008 Rhythm Festival, staged from 29–31 August in Bedfordshire, UK. On June 16, 2009, the #1 Record/Radio City double album was reissued in remastered form.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-36" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[36]  The same month, it was announced that a film of Big Star's history, based on biographer Rob Jovanovic's book Big Star: The Story of Rock's Forgotten Band, is in pre-production.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-billboard_37-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[37]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">On July 1, 2009, Big Star performed at a concert in Hyde Park, London, UK.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-38" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[38]  On September 15, 2009, Rhino Records issued a four-CD box set containing 98 recordings made between 1968 and 1975. Keep An Eye On The Sky includes live and demo versions of Big Star songs, solo work, and material from Bell's earlier bands Rock City and Icewater.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-billboard_37-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[37]  On November 18, 2009, the band performed at the Brooklyn Masonic Temple in New York City.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-39" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[39]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Chilton died on March 17, 2010 after being admitted to hospital with heart problems.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-chiltondeath_6-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[6]  Big Star had been scheduled to play at SXSW Music Festival that same week. The remaining members, joined by special guests original bassist Andy Hummel, M. Ward, Evan Dando, R.E.M.'s Mike Mills, and Chris Stamey, staged the concert as a tribute to him.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-40" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[40]  Big Star was also scheduled to play in Memphis at Overton Park on May 15. The band did not cancel, instead turning it into a hometown tribute show which included guests Brendan Benson, John Davis, Mills, and many others. Hummel was too ill to attend. Hummel, who was diagnosed with cancer in 2008, died on July 19, 2010. Asked about the band's future plans, Stephens told Billboard, "It's music we all really love to play, and we love to play it together, so we're trying to figure out a way forward where we can keep doing it."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-hummeldeath_7-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[7]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">After the EP Live Tribute to Alex Chilton was released in June 2011, Stephens wrote on the Ardent blog that the tribute performance in May 2010 was the last performance for Big Star as a band.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-41" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[41]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">On July 3, 2013, the documentary "Nothing Can Hurt Me" was released in theatres. ==Musical style and influences<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Bell took up guitar when twelve or thirteen, but only on hearing the first Beatles records was he motivated to play the instrument regularly.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp13-20_42-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[42]  He acted as lead and rhythm guitarist and vocalist for a sequence of bands, performing songs by The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Kinks, The Zombies and The Animals.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp13-20_42-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[42]  Chilton's first awareness of music came at the age of six when his brother repeatedly played a record by The Coasters.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_p28_43-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[43]  His father's liking for jazzthen exposed him over the next few years to the music of Glenn Miller, Ray Charles and Dave Brubeck.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_p28_43-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[43]  Chilton's enthusiasm for music took hold when at age thirteen he first heard Beatles records; he recalled having known of 1950s rock and roll but "by 1959 Elvis was syrup and Jerry Lee was pretty much gone, and the rockabilly thing was sort of over so I didn't get really caught up in the rock scene until the Beatles came along".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-44" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[44]

Jody Stephens in 2009 during a Big Star performance at Hyde Park<p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Chilton took up electric guitar at thirteen, playing along with Beatles songs, later saying, "I really loved the mid-sixties British pop music [...] all two and a half minutes or three minutes long, really appealing songs. So I've always aspired to that same format, that's what I like. Not to mention the rhythm and blues and the Stax stuff, too".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_p30_45-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[45]  Chilton abandoned his guitar-playing when with The Box Tops, then took up the instrument again; he met Roger McGuinn, guitarist for The Byrds, and developed particular interest in electric guitar and acoustic folk.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-46" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[46]  Stephens enjoyed the music of Otis Redding, The Isley Brothers, The Who, The Kinks and, in particular, The Beatles.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp13-20_42-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[42]  He first played drums at home with his brother, then with a handful of bands in the years before Big Star formed.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp13-20_42-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[42] Hummel likewise was a member of more than one band during his early musical years, again influenced by The Beatles and other British Invasion acts.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp13-20_42-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[42]  The bassist also played acoustic guitar for personal enjoyment, following the styles of Simon & Garfunkel and Joni Mitchell and using finger-picking techniques to play folk and bluegrass.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp13-20_42-5" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[42]  Most songs on the first three albums are credited to either Bell/Chilton or Chilton, but some credit Hummel, Stephens and others, as either writer or co-writer. At the only seven live performances in the original era, the last of which took place before the second album's release, all four members contributed vocally.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_xvi_47-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[47]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">While primarily inspired by the music of The Beatles and other British Invasion bands, acknowledging too the jangle pop and power pop of the period, Big Star also incorporated dark, nihilistic themes to produce a striking blend of musical and lyrical styles.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-48" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[48] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-49" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[49]  The body of work resulting from the first era was a precursor of the alternative rock of the 1980s and 1990s,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-50" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[50]  at the same time yielding material today considered an outstanding example of power pop.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Borack_p13_3-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Borack_p38_51-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[51]  The stylistic range is evident from modern day critiques. Bogdanov et al., commenting on #1 Record in their All Music Guide to Rock, perceive in "The Ballad of El Goodo" a "luminous, melancholy ballad",<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-All_Music_Guide_to_Rock_p98_14-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[14]  whereas John Borack's Ultimate Power Pop Guide singles out Radio City's "September Gurls" as a "glorious, glittering jewel" of power pop.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Borack_p38_51-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[51]  Borack notes too that Third/Sister Lovers is "slower, darker and a good deal weirder" than the first two albums, identifying "Holocaust" as "Alex Chilton at his haunting best", yet finds "Thank You Friends" exemplifying "left-field gems" also present in which "the hooks are every bit as undeniable" as before.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-52" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[52]  Jovanovic writes that when recording what Peter Buckley in his Rough Guide to Rockterms the "snarling guitar rock"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-53" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[53]  of the first album's "Don't Lie To Me", the band, deeming conventional instruments inadequate for the task, wheeled two Norton Commando motorcycles into the studio and gunned the engines to intensify the song's bridge.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-54" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[54]  Bogdanov et al. reserve "snarl" for a Radio City song, "Mod Lang";<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-All_Music_Guide_to_Rock_p98_14-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[14]  here Buckley writes that "the power of the performance and the erratic mix gave a sense of chaos which only added to the thrill".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Buckley_101_55-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[55] ==Legacy and influence<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == <p style="line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Although Big Star's first era came to an end in 1974, the band acquired a cult following in the 1980s when new acts began to acknowledge the early material's significance.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-56" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[56]  R.E.M.'s Peter Buck admitted, "We've sort of flirted with greatness, but we've yet to make a record as good as Revolver or Highway 61 Revisited or Exile on Main Street or Big Star's Third. I don't know what it'll take to push us on to that level, but I think we've got it in us."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-57" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[57]  Chilton, however, told an interviewer in 1992, "I'm constantly surprised that people fall for Big Star the way they do... People say Big Star made some of the best rock 'n roll albums ever. And I say they're wrong."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-58" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[58]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Today, critics cite Big Star's first three albums as a profound influence on subsequent musicians. Rolling Stone notes that Big Star "created a seminal body of work that never stopped inspiring succeeding generations of rockers, from the power-pop revivalists of the late 1970s to alternative rockers at the end of the century to the indie rock nation in the new millennium".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-bigstarbio_1-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1]  Jason Ankeny, music critic for Allmusic, identifies Big Star as "one of the most mythic and influential cult acts in all of rock & roll", whose "impact on subsequent generations of indie bands on both sides of the Atlantic is surpassed only by that of the Velvet Underground".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ankeny_2-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]  Ankeny describes Big Star's second album, Radio City, as "their masterpiece—ragged and raw guitar-pop infused with remarkable intensity and spontaneity".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ankeny_2-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[2]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">In 1992, Rykodisc generated further interest in the band when it reissued Third/Sister Lovers and released a posthumous compilation of Bell's solo material, I Am The Cosmos.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Borack_p13_3-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3]  In his 2007 book Shake Some Action: The Ultimate Power Pop Guide, John Borack ranks the #1 Record/Radio City double album at No. 2 in his chart "The 200 Greatest Power Pop Albums".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Borack_p38_51-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[51]  Rolling Stone includes #1 Record, Radio City and Third/Sister Lovers in The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-59" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[59] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-60" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[60] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-61" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[61]  and "September Gurls" and "Thirteen" in The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-62" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[62] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-63" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[63]  In addition to R.E.M.,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Influence_R.E.M._64-0" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[64]  artists including Teenage Fanclub,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-bigstarbio_1-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[1] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-65" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[65] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-66" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[66]  The Replacements,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-67" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[67]  Primal Scream,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Buckley_101_55-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[55]  the Posies,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jovanovic_pp253-60_5-4" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[5]  and Bill Lloyd and the dB's<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-68" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[68]  cite Big Star as an inspiration, and the band's influence on Game Theory, Matthew Sweet and Velvet Crush is also acknowledged.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-69" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[69]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">Big Star's "I'm In Love With A Girl" from Radio City features in the soundtrack of the 2009 film "Adventureland".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-70" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[70]  The 2006 tribute album Big Star, Small World includes Big Star covers by The Posies, Teenage Fanclub, Gin Blossoms,Wilco, Afghan Whigs, Whiskeytown and others.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-71" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[71]  The 1987 tribute song "Alex Chilton", co-written by three members of The Replacements, was released as a single from the album Pleased to Meet Me and contains the lyric "I never travel far without a little Big Star".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-72" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[72]  In 1998, an ad hoc, shortened version of #1 Record's "In the Street" (recorded by Todd Griffin) was used as the theme song for the sitcom That '70s Show,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Jovanovic_2004_92_11-1" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[11]  and in 1999, a new version titled "That '70s Song (In the Street)" was recorded by Cheap Trick also specifically for the show.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Jovanovic_2004_92_11-2" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[11] <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-73" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[73]  "That '70s Song" and Big Star's own "September Gurls" are included on the 1999 album That '70s Album (Rockin') released by the television program's producers.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-74" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[74]  "September Gurls", Borack says, "was and is the sine qua non of power pop, a glorious, glittering jewel with every facet cut and shined to absolute perfection. [...] a peerless, aching distillation of love and longing. 'September Gurls' may not actually be the greatest song ever recorded, but for the duration of its 2:47 running time, you can be forgiven for believing it is."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Borack_p13_3-3" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[3]

<p style="margin-top:0.4em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:19.200000762939453px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;">In 2012, a documentary titled Big Star: Nothing Can Hurt Me, directed by Drew DeNicola and Olivia Mori, chronicled the group's career and band members' solo efforts.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-75" style="line-height:1em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[75] ==Personnel<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] == ==Discography<span class="mw-editsection" style="-webkit-user-select:none;font-size:small;margin-left:1em;line-height:1em;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.25em;unicode-bidi:-webkit-isolate;">[edit] ==
 * Alex Chilton – guitars, piano, vocals (1971–1974, 1993–2010)
 * Jody Stephens – drums, vocals (1971–1974, 1993–2010)
 * Chris Bell – guitars, vocals (1971–1972)
 * Andy Hummel – bass guitar, vocals (1971–1973)
 * John Lightman – bass guitar, backing vocals (1974)
 * Jon Auer – guitar, vocals (1993–2010)
 * Ken Stringfellow – bass guitar, vocals (1993–2010)
 * Studio albums
 * #1 Record (Ardent/Stax, 1972)
 * Radio City (Ardent/Stax, 1974)
 * Third/Sister Lovers (PVC, 1978)
 * In Space (Rykodisc, 2005)
 * Live albums
 * Live (Rykodisc, 1992)
 * Columbia: Live at Missouri University 4/25/93 (Zoo, 1993)
 * Nobody Can Dance (Norton, 1999) – rehearsals and live recordings
 * Live Tribute at the Levitt Shell (Ardent, 2011) – Big Star with John Davis
 * Compilations
 * Biggest (Line Records, 1994) – greatest hits
 * The Best Of (Ace Records, 1999) – greatest hits
 * Big Star Story (Rykodisc, 2003) – greatest hits with one new track
 * Keep an Eye on the Sky (Rhino, 2009) – box set with a live disc
 * Nothing Can Hurt Me (Omnivore Recordings, 2013) – soundtrack to movie
 * Playlist (1972-2005) (Legacy Recordings, 2013) – first compilation to cover all eras of band